Impact of anthropogenic drivers on subaqueous topographical change in the Datong to Xuliujing reach of the Yangtze River   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Shuwei Zheng  Heqin Cheng  Shengyu Shi  Wei Xu  Quanping Zhou  Yuehua Jiang  Fengnian Zhou  Minxiong Cao 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2018,61(7):940-950

Changes of subaqueous topography in shallow offshore water pose safety risks for embankments,navigation,and ports.This study conducted measurements of subaqueous topography between Datong and Xuliujing in the Yangtze River using a Sea Bat 7125 multi-beam echo sounder,and the channel change from 1998 to 2013 was calculated using historical bathymetry data.The study revealed several important results:(1)the overall pattern of changes through the studied stretch of the river was erosion–deposition–erosion.Erosion with a volume 700×10~6m~3occurred in the upper reach,deposition of about 204×10~6m~3occurred in the middle reach,and erosion of about 602×10~6m~3occurred in the lower reach.(2)Dunes are the most common microtopographic feature,accounting for 64.3%of the Datong to Xuliujing reach,followed by erosional topography and flat river topography,accounting for 27.6%and 6.6%,respectively.(3)Human activities have a direct impact on the development of the microtopography.For instance,the mining of sand formed holes on the surface of dunes with lengths of 20–35 m and depths of 3–5 m.We concluded that the overall trend of erosion(net erosion volume of 468×10~6m~3)occurred in the study area mainly because of the decreased sediment discharge following the closure of the Three Gorges Dam.However,other human activities were also impact factors of topographic change.Use of embankments and channel management reduced channel width,restricted river meandering,and exacerbated the erosion phenomenon.  相似文献   

地震台智能电源Android平台控制系统     

石磊  刘静  李凤  尹宏伟 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,39(3):218-222

针对无人值守地震台因供电故障造成的观测数据质量问题，现阶段GPRS在地震台站的应用大多以手机短信呈现，无良好的可视化操作界面，设计开发一种底层基于STM32单片机，以GPRS为数据传输方式，Android手机APP为监控界面的智能电源控制系统。通过在河北省地震局石家庄中心台下属的深州郭家庄地震台进行应用，证明该电源控制系统能够保证观测设备的稳定运行，并为设备维护提供了保障和依据。  相似文献   

大尺度雁列断层粘滑运动数值模拟     

王时  王想  陈定发  马广庆  王思思  董博 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,39(6):23-30

通过ANSYS软件建立二维雁列断层模型，采用粘弹性力学参数，建立摩擦系数接触单元，模拟10万年时间大尺度雁列走滑断层活动（地震相关活动），分析挤压条件下的断层活动特征，研究结果表明：①断层时空区域不同，所受应力也不同，接近贯通区域重合地区所受应力较大，粘滑运动剧烈，由贯通区域向断层两侧逐渐延伸，所受应力依次减小；②摩擦系数越小，地震发生频率越高，地震运动周期越短，则位错量相对较小，易发生震级较小地震；摩擦系数越大，地震发生频率越低，地震运动周期越长，则位错量相对较大，易发生震级较大地震；③给定的边界挤压速率越大，地震发生频率越高，地震运动周期越短，则位错量增大，易发生震级较大地震。  相似文献   

山西地区远震P波到时残差分布     

石磊  李凤  刘静  韩文英 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,40(1):43-47

收集2008-2016年山西地震台网记录的震中距30°-90°范围内1 253个远震事件波形，拾取7 600余条高质量P波初至到时，使用IASP91模型计算相对到时残差，分析残差水平分布特征，结果显示：①以山西地区中部的山西断裂带为界，西部地震台站记录的P波初至主要表现为早到时，东部位于大同火山区的地震台站记录则主要表现为晚到时；②位于山西断裂带内部的地震台站记录的P波初至主要表现为早到时，残差水平显著低于西部地震台站；③研究区P波到时整体呈现自西向东逐渐由早到晚的分布特征。推测山西断裂带西部地区下方可能存在高速异常结构，山西断裂带内部及大同火山区下方可能存在低速异常结构。  相似文献   

地闪对崇明地震台地球物理观测的干扰     

朱培育  戴乐翔  张艺  魏薇  赵俊香  朱佳苗  施俊杰  毕波  倪友忠 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,40(1):91-95

通过对比崇明地区地闪及崇明地震台地球物理观测资料，发现受地闪引起的电磁场变化的直接作用或对仪器元件的间接作用，地磁、地电、电磁扰动和水位观测干扰比例较高，干扰幅度与地闪距离及形成的电流强度有关。具体干扰形态如下：①对电磁扰动干扰表现为单向突跳和测值的整体抬升；②对地磁测项干扰表现为正负方向的单点突跳；③对大地电场干扰表现为大幅震荡；④对水位观测干扰表现为大幅突跳。  相似文献   

环渤海地区海洋经济增长质量空间溢出效应研究   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

李博  田闯  金翠  史钊源 《地理科学》2020,40(8):1266-1275

海洋经济向质量效益型转变是建设海洋强国的新要求。通过构建海洋经济?地理距离空间权重矩阵对2000—2014年环渤海地区17个沿海地级市海洋经济增长质量主体的空间交互作用及空间效应进行研究；借助空间计量模型对海洋经济增长质量空间效应影响因素进行甄别。研究表明：① 环渤海地区海洋经济增长质量主体呈显著空间相关性，存在空间交互作用；② 海洋经济增长质量存在空间溢出的正反馈效应。影响因素中对环渤海地区海洋经济增长质量的直接贡献强度排序为：海洋环境>海洋产业>海洋人才>海洋资本>海洋科技，对其他地区溢出效应影响的排序为：海洋基建>海洋人才>海洋资本。研究为环渤海地区海洋政策制定提供一定参考依据。  相似文献   

Characteristics of Vegetation Carbon,Nitrogen, and C/N Ratio in a Tamarix chinensis Coastal Wetland of China     

Linping Xie  Baodong Wang  Ming Xin  Min Wang  Xiuping He  Qinsheng Wei  Xiaoyong Shi  Xia Sun 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2019,47(9)

Variations in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) of the vegetation in a Tamarix chinensis coastal wetland located in Laizhou Bay, China, are analyzed. It is found that T. chinensis accumulates more C and N than the surrounding herbs, and it allocates more C and N in the aboveground parts but less in the roots. Branches store more C, whereas leaves and flowers accumulate more N than other tissues. The C and N contents in the aboveground parts of T. chinensis are mainly influenced by pH, electrical conductivity (EC), water content, and clay content in the top 100 cm of soil as well as the distance from the sea. For the herbs, their C contents vary little in the supratidal zone, but they are higher than those in the intertidal zone. However, N contents in the herbs are higher in the aboveground parts and varied among different communities. The contents of C and N in the herbs are affected by EC, water content as well as the contents of organic C and total nitrogen (TN) in the top 10 cm of soil. The findings confirm that increasing the biomass of T. chinensis is an effective way to increase C sequestration in temperate coastal wetland.  相似文献   

莱州湾大型底栖动物群落结构及其动态变化特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

袁伟  王俊  左涛  牛明香  栾青杉  时永强  孙坚强 《海洋学报》2020,42(6):52-61

本文以莱州湾2009年夏季(8月)、秋季(10月)及2010年春季(5月)、夏季(8月)4个季节大型底栖动物资料为基础，对莱州湾大型底栖动物的种类组成、丰度、生物量、优势种进行了研究，同时与历史资料进行对比，探讨了莱州湾大型底栖动物的群落结构特征及动态变化。4个航次中共鉴定出大型底栖动物272种，其中包括环节动物多毛类122种，软体动物46种，甲壳动物64种，棘皮动物18种，鱼类9种，其他类13种。调查海域平均丰度为(1102.56 ± 216.32) ind./m2, 多毛类在丰度上占绝对优势；平均生物量为(28.16 ± 8.45) g/m2，软体动物占据优势。丰度和生物量空间分布规律具有很强的相似性，低值区位于莱州湾西部黄河口邻近海域，高值区位于渤海中部海域。丰度和生物量季节变化明显，夏季最高，秋季其次，春季最低。多毛类不倒翁虫(Sternaspis sculata)、寡鳃齿吻沙蚕(Nephthys oligobranchia)、紫壳阿文蛤(Alvenius ojianus)等是莱州湾调查海域的优势种。通过与历史资料的对比发现，莱州湾大型底栖动物种类组成及优势种类出现小型化的趋势。  相似文献   

一种新的用于极化SAR图像船只检测的散射相似性测度   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郎海涛  陶云红  牛立辉  石洪基 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,42(5):145-150

本文提出了一种新的用于极化合成孔径雷达（SAR）海上船只目标检测的测度。首先利用散射相似性参数研究船只与海杂波散射机制的差异。基于这些差异，提出了一种新的船只检测测度，该测度能够有效区分船只目标和海杂波。然后提出了利用核密度估计（KDE）方法对该测度进行建模的方法。基于统计模型，实现了自适应恒虚警率（CFAR）的检测方案。本文利用多景C波段RADARSAT-2极化SAR（Pol-SAR）数据上进行实验，系统分析了所提出测度的海杂波拟合性能与船只检测性能，并与两个经典的极化测度进行了比较，实验和比较结果证明了所提的测度的可行性。  相似文献   

Environmental impact of fluidized solidified silt casting on surrounding water bodies     

Yunquan Li  Silin Wu  Shi Shu  Yiyan Lv  Yan Cui 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(5):604-610

Abstract

With the growing demand for underwater refill engineering, the construction technology of implementing fluidized solidification in underwater pouring has recently received increased attention. However, the environmental impact of underwater casting on surrounding water bodies, especially when the silt is polluted, is still unclear. In this study, a simulated underwater pouring test and a static immersion release test were conducted separately to study the quality of the surrounding water during and after pouring. The results showed that fluidized-solidified silt casting could increase the pH of the surrounding water, even after the pouring had stopped, by approximately 1.0 and the turbidity could reach 200 NTU. No diffusion of Zn and Cu into the surrounding water was observed and while Ni and Cr exhibited slight diffusion, this was at a level well below international water quality standard. During construction, reducing the distance from the seafloor to the bottom of the pouring catheter could reduce the level of pollution. After construction, the use of neutral solidified materials can effectively reduce the pH of the surrounding water and the potential risk of heavy metal dissolution.  相似文献